Equine West Nile Virus
What is it?
Equine West Nile virus is a mosquito-borne disease that causes inflammation or swelling of the brain and spinal cord. It is a reportable disease.It may be an equine reportable disease in your state. Contact your state agricultural department for more information. What are the symptoms?
Symptoms can vary in range and severity, but the most common include poor coordination, especially of the hind limbs. Also common are depression or heightened sensitivity to stimuli, stumbling, leaning, paralysis of the hindquarters, coma, and death. Other clinical signs include fever, generalized weakness, impaired vision, inability to swallow, and aimless wandering. Where does it come from?
West Nile Virus begins with infected birds. When a mosquito bites a bird carrying the West Nile virus, it becomes infected. The mosquito then feeds on a horse or other mammal. Once a horse has been bitten, it may take 5 to 15 days for signs of West Nile virus to appear. How is it diagnosed?
Diagnosis of WNV in horses involves testing the blood serum for antibodies. How is it treated?
There is no specific treatment for West Nile virus. Your veterinarian may be able to provide supportive therapy that can save your horse’s life. How is it prevented?
A good mosquito control plan is essential. A vaccine is also available to protect your horse from West Nile Virus. You can discuss this vaccine with your veterinarian. Mosquito Control Tips:
Keep horses stabled during dawn and dusk, when mosquitoes are most active.
Exchange mosquito-attracting incandescent bulbs for fluorescent bulbs.
Keep screens in stable windows.
Keep water troughs clean.
Don't let water collect and stand stagnant. Common hiding places include old buckets, tires, watering cans and tarps.
Use mosquito repellent.
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